INAR xxx

History of Interior Architecture

This course surveys the history of interior architecture, emphasizing the design of interior spaces, furniture, and interior materials from antique period through the 21th century. By addressing connections between designs of the past and those of the present, this course adds to an understanding of the methods available for applying historical information to the design process. Concurrently, it is enhancing the historical development of interior design from the 19th century to the present, covering seminal movements such as the design reforms of the 19th century. Students are encouraged to explore the social and cultural forces that have shaped design through history. The format is slide-illustrated lectures that integrate economic, political, religious, and historic forces within the development of a period's styles.

References:

• BLAKEMORE, R. (1997), History of Interior Design and Furniture, John Wiley.
• MASSEY, A. (1990), Interior Design of the 20th Century, Thames and Hudson, London.
• PILE, J. (2000), A History of Interior Design, Laurence King, London.

INAR xxx

Colour and Lighting for Interiors

Studies of psychological and physiological effects of color and light in the built environment are addressed within the content of a course. Light as a form determinant of interior space is emphasized. Studio/lecture presentations are planned where focus on design principles in lighting; lighting quality; and relationship between color and light within the general conception of interior atmosphere are questioned. Introduction to artificial illumination design; lighting design based upon critical awareness of the luminous environment, and principles and perception of light are targeted. Meanwhile the strong interaction between light and color are addressed. Students learn to apply criteria related to human activity and environmental psychology in the development of appropriate color suggestion and lighting strategies. Emphasis is placed on the understanding and application of quality of light, as well as the development of calculation methods, lighting and reflected ceiling plans, and lighting specifications. Students also compile a color and lighting notebook for future reference. Basics of color theory; some different approaches to designing with color; color-coding; constructing color schemes; and color`s relation to emotion are forming the main headings about the section of color. The format is supported by exercises in color and lighting design based on student’s design solutions.

References:

• GRIMLEY, Chris and LOVE, Mimi (2007), Color, Space Style (All the Details Interior Designers Need to Know but can never Find), Rockport Publishers, Inc., Massachusetts.
• FLYNN, J. E.; KREMERS, J A.; SEGIL, A. W.; STEFFY, G. (1992). Architectural Interior Systems: Lighting, Acoustics, Air Conditioning. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
• MICHEL, Lou (1996), Light: the Shape of Space (Designing with Space and Light), John Wiley & Sons, New York.
• STEFFY, G. (2001), Architectural Lighting Design. Wiley, London.

INAR xxx

Flexibility in Interiors

Flexibility and adaptability of interior spaces to different users as well as the changing requirements of users in different life periods are very important features for the sustainability of these spaces. The aim of this course is to introduce the students with the main ideas and principles of flexibility through the notions as modular coordination; open-building processes and infill systems. The course will be supported by lectures on the types of flexibility as functional; structural and cultural flexibility. The processes of flexibility as design flexibility; production flexibility and usage flexibility will be discussed through case-studies from the world. The students are expected to make small scale exercises on the flexible design through the ‘support’ and ‘infill systems’.

References:

• CUPERUS,Y. (2001), Past, Present and Future of Infill system. Open House- Inrernational, Vol.26, Noc.3, pp.69-75.

• DURMISEVIC, E. (2001), Towardes Flexible Infill System. Open House- International, Vol.26, No.3, pp.63-68.
• FRENCH, H. (2002), Accomodating Change, Innovation in Housing. Ipswich, England: The Wolsey Press.
• FRIEDMAN, A., (2002), The Adaptable House – Designing Homes for Change. USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies.
• HABRAKEN, N.J. (1972), Supports: An Alternative Mass Housing ( translated from the Dutch by B. Valkenburg), New York: Praeger Publishers.
• KENDALL, S and TEICHER, J. (2000), Residential Open Building. London and New York: E. FN Spon.
• WILNER, D.M., WALKLEY, R.P., PINKERTON, T.C. & TAYBACK, M. (1962), The Housing Environment and Family Life. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press.

INAR xxx

Conservation and Renovation Concepts for Historical Buildings

The aim of this course is to introduce the students with the basic knowledge on conservation concept in general and the different approaches of renovation and adaptive re-use of old buildings for contemporary functions in detail. Old buildings have different values as historical; aesthetical; documentation; intellectual; emotional and material values. These values can be present in a building individually or all together; and provide the objective basis for functional changes in the frame of sustainability. The course will be supported by lectures on conservation concept. Throughout the course, the students are expected to be able to make discussions on the current applications of renovation from the world, according to the basic conservation and renovation concepts. The students are also expected to make small scale exercises on renovation projects at a conceptual level.

References:

• BONET, L. (2007), Renovating for Living, Loft Publications, Barcelona, Spain.
• FEILDEN, B. M. (2005), Conservation of Historic Buildings, UK, Oxford.
• FITCH, James Marston (1990), Historic Preservation: Curatorial Management of the Built World, University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.
• HINSCH, L. (1980), ICOMOS, Central Office of Historic Monuments in Norway, Oslo.
• KRAUEL, J. and OCKRASSA, A. (2006), New Concepts in Renovating, Structure Publications, Spain.
• LATHAM, D. (2000), Creative Re-use of Buildings v.1 & v. 2, Donhead, United Kingdom.
• OKELLY, E. (2007), Conversions, Laurence King Publishing Ltd, London.
• SHOPSIN, W. (1989), Restoring old buildings for contemporary uses: An American Sourcebook for architects & preservationists. New York, c1986.
• VENICE, Charter, (1964), International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monument and Sites. (http://www.international.icomos.org/icomos/e-venice.htm).
• WARREN, J., WORTHINGTON, J., TAYLOR, S., (eds.) (1998) Context: New Buildings in Historic Settings, Architectural Press.

Sustainability in Interior Design

The course provides an in-depth exploration of the methods, processes and materials used to create sustainable, environmentally friendly, user satisfied interiors. By integrating considerations of sustainability with the principles of design,  aesthetics, function, comfort and culture, the course enables students to make sustainability possible and attractive in interior design by creating/interpreting spaces that are as comfortable as they are healthy, energy and resource efficient, functional and aesthetically pleasing, by promoting the well-being of their occupants as well as the environment. Also, the investigation of sustainability in Interior Design necessitates the exploration of sustainability within the concerns of user participation-user satisfaction, flexibility in design for future adaptability. Also, the role of the client and his participation to the process together with the necessities of functional, aesthetical and cultural dimensions of design will be questioned within norms of sustainability. Through readings, field trips, site visits, guest lecturers, and in-class discussion, students gain valuable information about sustainable materials, products, and methods for construction and interior applications.

References:

• BARNETT, Dianna Lopez, with William D. Browning (1995), A Primer on Sustainable Building, Rocky Mountain Institute,Colo, Snowmass.
• BRAND, Stewart (1994), How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They’re Built, Penguin Books, New York.
• BROWN, G. Z. (1985), Sun, Wind, and Light, John Wiley, New York.
• CROWTHER, Richard L. (1992), Ecological Architecture, Butterworth Architecture, Boston.
• FITCH, James Marston (1990), Historic Preservation: Curatorial Management of the Built World, University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.
• LOUISE, Jones (2008), Environmentally Responsible Design: Green and Sustainable Design for Interior Designers,
• TREVY, Thomas (2008), Creating and Building Living Homes: A Guide to Sustainable Interior Design and Architecture
• WATSON, Donald, and Kenneth Labs (1983), Climatic Design: Energy-Efficient Buildin Principles and Practices, McGraw-Hill,NewYork.
  
  

Internal Space and Form

Within the context of this course, the internal space, a representative of the image of user’s spirit, that wraps our existence, is described and interpreted through functional activity requirements and discussed relationships between the architectural form and internal architectural space. Besides defining the elements of the internal space theoretically, the space and form, bounding space will be analyzed in depth. The relationship between space and form in architecture can be defined at different scales.  At this point, space-form affiliation is considered at internal space scale. In addition to the necessities of use, such architectural forms are also objectified models of the ideas about the physical, spiritual and symbolic aspects of life and environment. The space – form evaluation which engages sophisticated parameters in its structure, requires to be perceived and evaluated in a holistic manner.  The main target of this course is to interpret and evaluate the space within the context of form in order to strengthen the theories mentioned through design exercises.

References:

• ARNHEIM, R. (1977), The Dynamics of Architectural Form, University of California Press, California.
• CHING, D. K. Francis. (1996), Architecture: Form, Space and Order, Van Nostrand Reinhold, Second Edition, New York.
• Clark, Roger H. & Pause, M. (1996), Precedents in Architecture, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
• CHING, F. D. K. (1987), Interior Design Illustrated, Van Nostrand, Reinhold New York.
• Curtis, William J. R. (1986), Le Corbusier – Ideas and Forms, Phaidon Press Limited, London.
• GÜNÇE, K., ERTÜRK Z., ERTÜRK S. (2005), “Visual Interpretation of Architectural Form”, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of Postgraduate Research in the Built and Human Environment – 14th & 15th April 2005, University of Salford. P: 385-392, Salford: Blackwell Publishing, Salford.
• HILLER, B. (1996), Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecure, University Press Cambridge, Cambridge.
• KRIER, R. (1988), Architectural Composition, Rizzoli International Publications, New York.
• MEISS, P. (1991), Elements of Architecture: From Form to Place, Van Nostrand Reinhold, London.
• NORBERG-SCHULZ, C. (1992), Intentions in Architecture, MIT Press, Ninth Printing, Massachusetts.
• WESTON, Richard (2008), Material, Form and Architecture, Layrence King Publishing, London.

Indoor Spatial Identity

Identity is the distinguished characteristics or conditions that differs a thing or a space from the others. Within the content of this course, the indicators of indoor spatial identity will be evaluated. Form of a space, functions, activities, styles, furnishing, lighting, sound, odor, landscaping etc. can be included to the indicators of indoor spatial identity. This course will be carried out through illustrated lectures and research assignments.

References:

• ABEL, C. (1997), Architecture & Identity, Architectural Press, Oxford.
• BERGMAN, B., KRANTZ, B. (1988), Building and People, Department of Building Function Analysis, Sweden.
• CONWAY, H., ROENISCH, R. (1994), Understanding Architecture, Routledge, London.
• GARDINER, S. (1983), Introduction to Architecture, Chancellor Press.
• HALL, S., GAY, D.  P. (1996), Question of Cultural Identity, Saga Publications, London.
• ISAAC, F. A. (1972), Approach to Architectural Design, Butterworth & Co Ltd., London.

• PORTEOUS, J. D. (1977), Environment and Behaviour, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Massachusetts.

Private Exterior Space Design

Exterior spaces are the complementary elements of interior  volumes. Within the content of this course, landscape designed elements will be given to students in order to be able to  design a building’s private exterior spaces. The planting materials, exteriors space furnishing and materials will be given through illustrated lectures, research assignments and a design project.

References:

• AUSTIN, L. R. (1982), Designing with Plants, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc., New York.
• BOOTH, N. K. (1983), Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design, Waveland Press Inc., Illinois.
• COOKER, J., Beck, H. (2004),  The Master Landscape Series tract- Landscape Architects, Urban Designers, Town Planners, Images Publishing, Mulgrave.
• MARCUS C. C., Francis C (1990) People places. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
• MARCUS C C, Sarkissian W (1986) Housing as if people mattered. London: University of California Press, London.
• MC HOY P. (1981), The encyclopaedia of house plants, Hennerwood Publications Limited, London.

• PORTEOUS, J. D. (1977), Environment and Behaviour, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Massachusetts.

• RICHARD, L, Austin A. (1982), Design with Landscape, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
• SIMONDS, O. J. (1976), Landscape Architecture, Mc Graw-Hill Inc., New York.

Interior Architecture Issues

Exercises guided by the instructor will make the students research deeply into a specific field and learn how to deal with a specific problem. The exercises that will be carried on individually will make the student aware of the configuration of interior spaces regarding the knowledge gathered. Subjects included within the content of the course can be listed as follows:
Main architectural principles from interior architecture perspective, human being and his/her limits, ergonomics, perception, understanding, apprehension, cognition, image , identity, individuality, social and cultural issues; culture, cultural and personal limits, subjectivity, social interaction.

References:

• ABEL, C. (1997), Architecture & Identity, Architectural Press, Oxford.
• BERELSON, & STEINER (1964), Human Behavior
• BERGMAN, B., KRANTZ, B. (1988), Building and People, Department of Building Function Analysis, Sweden.
• HALL, Edward, (1990), Silent Language
• MARCUS C C, Francis C (1990) People places. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

• PORTEOUS, J. D. (1977), Environment and Behaviour, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Massachusetts.
• PORTEOUS, J. D. (1977), Environment and Behaviour, Addison-Wesley Publishing, Massachusetts.

• SOUSMAREZ, Maurice De (1992), Basic Design: The Daynamics of Visual Form, The Herbert Press, London.

Issues addressed in the course include: Review of  room acoustics theory, reflection diffusion and diffrection,   distribution of reflected sound, ray diagrams and graphs, sound paths in auditoriums, room shape (ceiling walls, balconies, rare wall and stage enclosure), echo control, reverberation end echo patterns, reverberation time,  flutter echo, suspended sound reflectors, material choices and variable room absorptions, suggested auditorium design procedures, acoustics in the small rooms.

References:

• EWINS, D.J. (2001), Modal Testing: Theory, Practice and Application, Research Study Press, Baldock.
• RIEGER, N.F. (1986), The Relationship between finite elements analysis and model analysis, Sound Vibration Magazine, Acoustical Publ., Bay Village.
• ROSSING, Thomas (2007), Handbook of Acoustics, Springer, Stanford.

Protecting a building from moisture damage is as important as protecting it from fire and structural failure. However moisture damage often happens undetected, which allows it to continue until serious problems occur. Moisture can degrade a building’s envelope and structure, leading to a variety of problems from less severe appearance issues, like efflorescence and spalling, to serious problems like structural failure and mold growth. There are many different methods available for moisture to enter a building. This course is designed to heighten the student’s understanding of  these methods, sources and causes of moisture together with design strategies that can be applied to manage moisture in the building envelope.

References:

• ASTM,(1994), Manual Series MNL 18, Moisture control in buildings. Editor Trechsel, H. R., Philadelphia: American Society for Testing and Materials.
• BOMBERG, M. and SHIRTLIFFE C. J. (1978), “Influence of Moisture and Moisture Gradients on Heat Transfer through Porous Building Materials, Thermal Transmission Measurements of Insulation”, ASTM STP 660, R. P. Tye, ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 211-233.
• KOHONEN, R. (1984), Transient Analysis of the Thermal and Moisture Physical Behaviour of Building Constructions. Building and Environment, Vol. 19, No.1,. pp. 1-11.
• Kumaran, M. K. (1987), “Moisture Transport through Glass-Fibre Insulation in the Presence of a Thermal Gradient,” J. of Thermal Insulation, 10:243-255.
• MOORE,F. (1993), Environmental Control Systems.: McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
• SZOKOLAY, S.V. (1980), Enviromental Science Handbook, , The Construction Press.

• TRECHSEL,H.R. (1994), Moisture Control in Buildings. Philadelphia: American  Society for Testing and Material.
• TRECHSEL,H.R., (2001), Moisture Analysis and Condensation Control in Building Envelopes. ASTM Manual Series MN40. Philadelphia: American  Society for Testing and Material.

Modular coordination or MC is a dimensional system. It is a dimension and space coordination concept in which building and components are placed at their designations based on the unit or basic module known as "1M" that equals to 100 mm.
The use of MC is an important factor in  effective applications as it completes the industry through quality control and increase of productivity. Standardisation is the key factor for mass-production. By this way, the relation between design, construction and production can have a spatial and dimensional coordination with each other by using modular coordination.
The course will be based on two stages. The first stage will be understanding  the terms and principles of:  industrial structure, standardisation, module, modular coordination, and spatial organisation. The second stage will be based on the evaluation of the relations between structural and environmental elements of the industrial structure developed by the modular coordination principles.

References:

• Roy Chudley, Roger Greeno (2008). Building Construction Handbook Edition: 7, Butterworth-Heinemann.
• Le Corbusier. The Modulor (Modulor and Modulor 2),Fondation of Le Corbusier’ Paris. 2000
• Kroll, Lucien (1986). The Architecture of complexity, London: Batsford ,.
• Ehrenkrantz, Ezra D. (1989). Architectural systems: a needs, resources, and design approach,     NewYork : McGraw-Hill.